Microsoft .NET

The Microsoft .NET Framework is a software technology that is available with several Microsoft Windows operating systems. It includes a large library of pre-coded solutions to common programming problems and a virtual machine that manages the execution of programs written specifically for the framework.

The .NET Framework is a key Microsoft offering and is intended to be used by most new applications created for the Windows platform.The pre-coded solutions that form the framework's Base Class Library cover a large range of programming needs in a number of areas, including user interface, data access, database connectivity, cryptography, web application development, numeric algorithms, and network communications.

The class library is used by programmers who combine it with their own code to produce applications.Programs written for the .NET Framework execute in a software environment that manages the program's runtime requirements. Also part of the.

NET Framework, this runtime environment is known as the Common Language Runtime (CLR). The CLR provides the appearance of an application virtual machine so that programmers need not consider the capabilities of the specific CPU that will execute the program. The CLR also provides other important services such as security, memory management, and exception handling. The class library and the CLR together compose the .NET Framework.

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The most important component of the Framework is something called the CLR. If you are a Java programmer, think of the CLR as the .NET equivalent of the Java Virtual Machine ( JVM). If you don't

know Java, think of the CLR as the heart and soul of the .NET architecture. At a high level, the CLR activates objects, performs security checks on them, lays them out in memory, executes them, and

garbage-collects them.

Conceptually, the CLR and the JVM are similar in that they are both runtime infrastructures that

abstract the underlying platform differences. However, while the JVM currently supports just the Java

language, the CLR supports all languages that can be represented in the Common Intermediate

Language (CIL). The JVM executes bytecode, so it could technically support many different languages,

too. Unlike Java's bytecode, though, IL is never interpreted. Another conceptual difference between

the two infrastructures is that Java code runs on multiple platforms with a JVM, w hereas .NET code

runs only on the Windows platforms with the CLR (at the time of this writing). Microsoft has submitted

the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI), which is functional a subset of the CLR, to ECMA, so a

third-party vendor could theoretically implement a CLR for a platform other than Windows. For more

information on third-party vendors, see Appendix A .

In Figure 1-2, the layer on top of the CLR is a set of framework base classes. This set of classes is

similar to the set of classes in STL, MFC, ATL, or Java. These classes support rudimentary input and

output functionality, s tring manipulation, security management, network communications, thread

management, text management, reflection functionality, and collections functionality, as well as other

functions.

On top of the framework base classes is a set of classes that extend the base classes to support data

management and XML manipulation. The data classes support persistent data management—data

that is stored on backend databases. These classes include the Structured Query Language (SQL)

classes to let you manipulate persistent data stores through a standard SQL interface. Similar to the

SQL classes, the set of classes called ADO.NET allow you to manipulate persistent data. Alongside of

the data classes, the .NET Framework supports a number of classes to let you manipulate XML data,

perform XML searching, and perform XML translations.

Classes in three different technologies (including Web Services, Web Forms, and Windows Forms)

extend the framework base classes and the data and XML classes. Web Services include a number of

classes that support the development of lightweight distributed components, which will work even in

the face of firewalls and NAT software. These components support plug-and-play across cyberspace,

because Web Services employ standard HTTP and SOAP.

Web Forms include a number of classes that allow you to rapidly develop web Graphical User

Interface (GUI) applications. If you're currently developing web applications with Visual Interdev, you

can think of Web Forms as a facility that allows you to develop web GUIs using the same drag-anddrop

approach as if you were developing the GUIs in Visual Basic. Simply drag and drop controls onto

your Web Form, double-click on a control, and write the code to respond to the associated event.

Windows Forms support a set of classes that allow you to develop native - Windows GUI applications.

You can think of these classes collectively as a much better version of MFC because they support

easier GUI development and provide a common, consistent interface that can be used in all languages.

In the next chapter, we examine the internals of the CLR and how it supports and executes .NET

components, formally called *assemblies *in .NET.

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The Microsoft .NET Framework is a software component that can be added to or is included with Microsoft Windows operating system.

It provides a large body of pre-coded solutions to common program

requirements, and manages the execution of programs written

specifically for the framework. The .NET Framework is a key Microsoft

offering, and is intended to be used by most new applications created

for the Windows platform.

The pre-coded solutions that form the framework's class library cover a large range of programming needs in areas including: user interface, data access, database connectivity, cryptography, web application development, numeric algorithms, and network communications. The functions of the class library are used by programmers who combine them with their own code to produce applications. With version 3.5 of the .NET Framework, the BCL libraries will be released under shared-source MS-RL license.[1]

Programs written for the .NET Framework execute in a software environment that manages the program's runtime requirements. This runtime environment, which is also a part of the .NET Framework, is known as the Common Language Runtime(CLR). The CLR provides the appearance of an application virtual machine, so that programmers need not consider the capabilities of the specific CPU that will execute the program. The CLR also provides other important services such as security mechanisms, memory management, and exception handling.

The class library and the CLR together compose the .NET Framework. The

framework is intended to make it easier to develop computer

applications and to reduce the vulnerability of applications and

computers to security threats.

It is included with Windows Server 2003 and Windows Vista, and can be installed on most older versions of Windows.

source: https://en.wikipedia.org

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The all new version of MS Visual Studio .NET 2005 codenamed 'Whidbey' is up for grabs.

The most enhancement has been done on ASP.NET which comes as ASP.NET 2.0

Use ASP.NET 2.0, Internet Information Services 6.0, and the Microsoft .NET Framework 2.0 to make deploying, configuring, monitoring, and maintaining Web applications easier than ever before. It's completely backward compatible with ASP.NET 1.1

With whidbey developers can bank upon less of development effort with more locs written in fewer hours. New controls have been added. Things like security and webservices get even more focus. Some of the previous limitations faced by developers have been taken care of.

Developer community hopes that this release would be a one to stay fo quite a time as with MS coming up with new releases and enhancements on it's products makes it difficult for both the companies and developers working on MS products to keep pace.

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Continued from Part I of this review (Why at all .Net Framework - I)?

In databse for Distributed Transaction Support you must use ADO , but if your Database is not SQL but ORACLE, then ORACLE will have its own transaction manager, then MTS Distributed Transaction Support is actually not required.

All these is posing a single problem... as difficult Integration and Complex Interoperability.

That is the main reason, that even though all technologies were in place, Market really was not very responsive while considering the development of Enterprise Application with MS technologies.

Ohhhh, I forgot one major aspect of EA, which is the deployment...... All are Windows developers must at some point of time have faced, one version of a Dll re writting another version of the samee....... and then u spend days and nights doing regedit and with those complex UUID....... DLL HELL.... just a reminder....

Key to a successful Enterprise Application Model is the seamless integration among all the layers in the Enterprise App...

Question is how do we achieve that ....... These can be achieved broadly in two ways ...

1. First and the Simplest way .... Follow a Single Programming Model across all layers in the Enterprise Application.

This will give you an inherent/automatic capability of integration.

This is what JAVA Follows.... J2EE follows.... Packages classes differs in each layer but the approach remains the same...

1. But What the heck ? Why MS is going to have Single Programming Model? Till now MS had host of languages, different ways to achieve Windows DNA programming.... So many diiferent professionals catering to different aspects of Software development, different language experts, different applications deployed and commercialised on diiferent technologies .... How do MS justify the market now? ... Of taking a single programming approach and dumping all others....?

So it was not possible for MS to achieve that ... Problem worsens, how to achieve the objective then...

If we have altogether different Systems working in perfect Collaboration and Harmony when each one is completely different from other, It Simply means that these different Systems have the same Parent.....

Which means that another way of achieving this, is if all these different Systems are built Over a Single Framework, Single Base .... then all these will be inherently Compatible..................

The answer was .NET

But since MS is very fond of maintaining Backward Compatibility.... they have advised two roads....

Use a Same Language to Develop Good 'OL windows App, and the same language to develop next generation Windows DNA app but only in a different runtime environment....

So their two existing offerings Visual Basic and Visual C++ were tweaked a lot to have this fantastic Interoperability...

But in my opinion MS was also skeptical of the fact that these languages are not new , they are just tweaked or enhanced for the new Framework... could be a cause of discomfort...

So why not give another option of an Altogether New Language for the New Framework... C# was the answer...

With .NET my long awaiting Enterprise App Framework from MS has finally arrived. I believe there is a long way to go as we are just in 2.0 beta...... and lot too prove because with the absence of an EA model from MS, market has already good share of J2EE as a choice for EA...

There is lot to speak on the framework, but then the objective of the article was just to emphasize the need of the framework from a Software Architect and Industry point of view....

I would recommend all Windows developers to keep working on the legacy but consider their future in .NET

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I wanted to write a review on .NET Framework from scratch but dhaval has simplified my job a lot.

(Thanx Dhaval..). His article is a must read for all.( http:/ http://www.mouthshut.com/readreview/36546-1.html)

I have been working on .NET for last 2 years and recently got chance to work on J2EE which ignited the spark

to write a review on .NET.

Lets start with the basics.

Every now and then u must be hearing those buzzwords .NET, J2EE , Application Framework etc.

The first question that comes to our mind is .....

What is an Application Framework?

''A framework is a reusable ,semi-complete application that can be specialized to produce custom applications'' (Phew...

too much .. lets simplify it a bit .....)

Software Developers working on conventional desktop applications are accustomed to use toolkits and development

environments that leverage the sameness between the applications. Application Frameworks build on this common ground

to provide developers with a reusable structure that can server as the foundation for their own products.

What is .NET ( From web services perspective ) ?

NET is the Microsoft solution for Web services, the next generation of software that connects

our world of information, devices, and people in a unified, personalized way. ( taken from MS official web site ).

Here is the main punch for the software industry. Why these giants (Microsoft and Sun) emphasizing on these ''Web-Services'' so much.

Lets unravel this mystery.

What are Web Services and why they have become so important?

Web services signify a shift in software development paradigms. It lays emphasis on segmenting large

applications so individual modules

can exist as reusable components called ''WEB SERVICES''. It has gained a lot of attention of the

software industry because of the major industry trends that preceded Web services:

1.. The acceptance of HTTP as a universal protocol through which users access the Internet .

2 .The acceptance of XML(Xtensible Markup Language) as the de facto standard for data transfer .

(XML will be discussed in next section)

Open standards (http,XML) and the focus on communication and collaboration among people

and applications have created an environment where XML Web services are becoming the platform

for application integration.One of the primary advantages of the XML Web services architecture is

that it allows programs written in different languages on different platforms to communicate with each other in a standards-based way.

A very simple example will clarify things further :

Consider that you are developing a web application ( or simply a web site) that allows users to shop various items on your site.

For checking out they need to give their credit card numbers which will be verified against a database over a secured connection(SSL connection).

But you don't want to develop this part of the functionality ( due to resources / technical constraints ).You can find several providers who provide this functionality as as web service (similar to a remote function call i.e. u just call the function and function will be remotely executed and provide you the results).They are just simple plug-and-play interface.

But never confuse between a Web service and a Web site?

Unlike Web sites, which are pictures of data designed to be viewed in a browser by a person, a Web service is designed to be accessed directly by another service or software application.

End user for a web site is a ''normal Internet user ( like you or me)''

End user for a web service is a service or software application.

Then where form this ''XML'' thing comes up and why it is used for Web Services ?

XML is the Extensible Markup Language. It is designed to improve the functionality of the Web by providing more flexible and adaptable information identification. XML is a project of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C).

One obvious question strikes here Why not just carry on extending HTML?

HTML is already overburdened with dozens of interesting but incompatible inventions from different manufacturers, because it provides only one way of describing your information.

XML allows groups of people or organizations to create their own customized markup applications for exchanging information in their domain (music, chemistry, electronics, hill-walking, finance, surfing, petroleum geology, linguistics etc).

Why Web Services use XML ?

Remember Web Services try to facilitate ''Distributing Computing'' so they need robust, non-proprietary, persistent, and verifiable file format for the storage and transmission of text and data both on and off the Web. And that is what XML provides : XML allows the flexible development of user-defined document types.

Web-Services - The soul of Microsoft .Net Framework.

.NET Web Services change the way we think about computing. With .NET, processing occurs where it makes sense, whether on handhelds, servers, PCs, or any smart devices. These web services open new ways for businesses to talk to other businesses, businesses to talk to consumers, and even how businesses communicate internally .Microsoft Visual studio.NET provides excellent support for development of Web Services.

Microsoft is a leader in the Industry Web Services Effort.

What I have presented here is a very crude description of Web Services. Technically it involves much more than that

(SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) ,WSDL (Web Services Description Language)

UDDI (Universal Discovery Description and Integration ) etc ).

I will soon be writing a review on J2EE vs Microsoft .NET

I hope you enjoyed this review. Please rate and comment this review.

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Hey, I am back after some time.. My this review is on one of the newest technology (or name, will decide later.) from the Microsoft, which is called Microsoft .NET or just .NET well, no need to tell about Microsoft so lets move directly to the topic.

Why Writing? Hmm.. nice question, well, I am writing because of few things, 1- I came to know about .NET name in 2000, when Microsoft introduced just the name, no more details.. I was wondering what is it. After its release in 2002, I was still wondering basically what is .NET because everywhere I was finding .NET, VS.NET, VB.NET even in windows .NET.. I was totally confused.. also I tried to search on Microsoft but didnt got satisfied answer. They just told abt what is role of .NET in Software Development. So I searched a lot about it.. and then after 2 months, I came to know about it, through one web site, didnt remember the URL. 2- Lots of people are still confused on .NET that what is .NET so thats why I am writing review.

Introduction to .NET First we will take intro to .NET and then we will go to What is .NET. so here goes the intro. In 1998, Microsoft was working on this .NET thing but at that time, Microsoft didnt decided its name. I didnt remember the year, most probably that was 1999 or starting of 2001. Microsoft introduced DNA Technology to the people, here DNA is not of Bio DNA. Microsoft decided to launch its major products in 2002 and 2003 so he wanted to give one common name to all the products, so Microsoft decided DNA, Windows DNA, Office DNA, but then Microsoft didnt satisfied with that name, so after some time they came with new name, i.e. .NET, after they decided its name, they planned to make .NET more powerful for the software development so they gave name as .NET Framework (I will write review on this later.) wooooo.. lots of .NET right? ok.. give u list at the end of review. Hope this much intro is enough to know little about .NET, so now lets move to next topic.

What is .NET? ''Microsoft .NET is a set of Microsoft software technologies for connecting your world of information, people, systems, and devices. It enables an unprecedented level of software integration through the use of XML Web services: small, discrete, building-block applications that connect to each other—as well as to other, larger applications—via the Internet.'' Taken from https://microsoft.com/net/basics/whatis.asp . So its little confusing??? let get more into details.. So what is .NET as in intro I told about that Microsoft is going to release all major products on 2002, so .NET is the bunch of softwares from Microsoft, which is having one common name .NET at the end. so now lets move to next topic, dont worry.. you will get to know everything about .NET

What is there in .NET? Ya, what is there in .NET, that it is so much hyped.. so lets explore about it.. .NET is consist of the following things.

Framework

• Smart Clients

  
  




• XML Web Services

  
  




• Servers

  
  




• Developer Tools

  
  




• Security

  
  

Framework: This is one of the major thing in .NET, I will talk about it later, because its most complicated in .NET and no space so I will need to write review on it.. but I will write later on..

Smart Clients: So what is this, we people i.e. Users comes under clients, Smart Clients is consist of Smart Client Software and .NET and Smart Devices and .NET in Softwares Windows XP, Windows CE .NET, Windows XP Embedded, Office XP and many more softwares comes and in Devices Pocket PC, Smartphone 2002, XBox, Tablet PC and Mobile Devices comes. This clients helps you to communicate with the other people or helps you in your work, so .NET makes if more powerful.

XML Web Services: Again Complicated thing in .NET, I will talk about it later only, because need some space to tell about what is XML and what is XML Web Services. I will write review on this later.

Servers: Well, under server there is Windows .NET as a server Operating System, which allows users to run thier own Web Server, FTP Server, EMail Server and lots of things and also gives lots of power and its powerful with the .NET Technology.

Developer Tools: Development tools which are enabled with the .NET are considered as a much more powerful tools as compared to others and it helps in developing powerful applications, and also it helps in developing the applications which are im-possible to do. It helps you to develop softwares beyond the line.

Security: About security, I dont no much, but I can tell that the with the help of .NET security will be more powerful and more secure which means un-brackable security.

In a Short: So what is .NET, .net is a bunch of softwares from the Microsoft. What is .NET enabled Softwares and devices, the softwares or devices which is having .NET technology, means all the features or all the products which are in one computer or in one device is called as .NET enabled Device or Software, so its more powerful and more reliable and stable and fast. So here it finishes the review.. now its time to give you the list of products which is having .NET at the end.

1 Microsoft .NET

9 Microsoft .NET Alerts

There are lots, In details each and every product is having its own editions, like Visual Studio is having 3 editions, Windows .NET is having more then 5 editions and lots of things, I dont no about the Office but I think that will be also named as Microsoft Office .NET

If you want to know some thing more about .NET then visit at https://microsoft.com/net Hope you liked this review.. read, rate and comment this review..

© 2002 ĎħåvåĻ ƒāŗĭā.

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